Lock and ejector mechanism for breakdown guns



' (N0 MOdGL) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

' D. M. LEFEVER.

LOCK ANDEJBGTOR MEGHANISM PURAB'RBAKDOWN GUNS. No. 475,873.`

QRMWAM@ X l 8d4/vento@ (No Model.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 2. D. M.. LBPEVER.

LOOK AND EJEGTOR-MEGHANISM FOR BREAKDOWN GUNS.

` Patented 'May 31,1892.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

D. M. LEFEVER. LOCK AND HECTOR MEoHANsM POR BREAKDOWN GUNS.

No. 475,873. Patented May 31,1892.

wlNEssEs: ,iff WML/MEN 0 A o@ y f A 7% @4M ATTORNEY NITED STATES PATENT FFTCE.

DANIEL M. LEFEVER, OF SYRAOUSE, NEW7 YORK.

LOCK AND EJECTOR lVlECHANlSIVI FOR BREAKDOWN GUNS.

SPECIFICATION forming part Of Letters Patent NO. 475,873, dated May 31, 1892.

Application filed February 16, 1891. Serial No. 381,613. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DANIEL M. LEFEVER, of Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga, in the State of New York, have invented newV and useful Improvements in Breech Loading Guns, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a full, clear, and exact description.

VMy invention relates to improvements in breech-loadin g guns, and has for its object the production of a simple and effective device which upon the usual breaking of the gun automatically extracts from the gun the previously-fired cartridge and automatically cocks the hammers, and when the barrel or barrels are returned to their normal position locks the extractor from-operation and locks the cooking device from operative engagement to permit the removal of the barrel from the frame for cleaning or other purposes.

To this end it consists, essentially, in an extractor, an ejector, and a returning-lever bearing against the extractor for effecting its operation, a spring for effecting the operation ot' the ejector, a stop for normally locking the extractor from operation when the barrels are in their normal closed position, a movable dog secured to the barrel, and a cocking-lever connected at one extremity to the hammer and adapted to engage the free extremity of thedog secured to the barrel for cockin g the hammers as the barrel is broken.

Theinvention' furthermore consists in the detail construction and arrangement of the parts, all as hereinafter more particularly described, and pointed out in the claims.

In describing this invention reference is had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specication, in which like letters indicate corresponding parts in all the views. Figure l is an elevation, partly in section, of my improved gun, shown as in its normal closed position. Fig. l, illustrating the barrels as dropped or broken and the extractor as in its position assumed when extracting the shell and the cooking mechanism as having almost cocked the hammers. Fig. 3 is a detail sectional View illustrating the cooking mechanism as in its position assumed when the gun is closed. Fig. 4 is a detail sectional view showing the barrel-lug in section when in its position Fig. 2 is a similar View to shown at Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a detail sectional view of one extremity of Vthe fore-end piece. Figs. 6 and 7 are horizontal sectional views taken, respectively, on lines 6 G and 7 7, Fig. 1. Fig. S is a vertical sectional view on line 8 8, and Fig. 9 is a plan view of a portion of a gun-frame illustrating a partly-modified construction of my invention.

A represents the gun-frame, A the stock, B the fore-end piece, B the ejector supported upon the fore-end piece, O the hammer, O4 the mainspring, D the barrel, and D the barrel-lug, all of which parts may be of any suitable form, size, and construction.

The hammer pivotal pin O' is provided with a key c, that registers with a recess or keyway c in the hammer. This recess is of greater width than the key c, and when cocking the hammers of a double-barreled gun the key c bears against the rearward shoulder of the recess c', thus cooking both hammers simultaneously, and after the hammer is caught by the sear C4 (shown by dotted lines at Fig. 2) the spline returns to the forward shoulder. of the keyway, thus permitting independent movement of the hammers when the seal' is released by the triggers O2.

E represents a movable dog pivoted at e to the barrel-lng D', with its upper extremity adapted'to enterthe bearing f of the extractor F, and its lower extremity provided with a rounding engaging point e.

Grepresents a cooking-lever, having one extremity rigidly secured to the hammer pivotal pin C and the other provided with a rounding engaging point g, adapted to engage the point or hook of engagement e on the lever E.

Then the forward ends of the barrels are dropped, as illustrated in Fig. 2, the dog E elevates the cocking-lever G and cocks the hammers, and when the barrels are returned IOO may be readily removed from the gun for cleaning and other purposes by removing the fore-end piece B and the ejector B, supported thereon, since the extractor when in its normal closed position locks the engaging point e of the dog E from operative engagement with the cooking-lever G, and when not engaged by the ejector, previously removed, continues to lock said engaging point even though the barrels are dropped in the act of removing them from the frame. It will be understood, however, that. in the ordinary breaking of the gun the ejector B, secured to the fore-end piece B, commences to force the extractor F from its normal closed position immediately upon the commencement ot' the dropping` movement of the barrels D and releases the shoulder f from the upper extremity of the dog E, whereupon a spring e2, bearing against the movable plunger e3 in the dog E, throws said dog E into operative engagement with the lever G.

As preferably constructed the extractor F is composed of the opposite divisions or rods F2 F2, having their outer ends provided with a head F3 and their inner ends with shoulders F4 and F5, formed, preferably, by cut-outs in the adjacent edges of said extractor-divisions F2 F2.

H represents a rod, which passes through the barrel-lug D', with its outer end secured in position by a screw Z and its inner end provided with the spring stop-arms I-I, adapted to engage the shoulders F4, and thus permit a movement of the extractor sufiicient only to force the end of the shell or cartridge slightly outward in order that they may be readily engaged with the hand and withdrawn from the gun by hand, if desired.

Projecting from the spring stop-arms H" and through the side walls ot' the barrel-lug D are the lateral projections h, which, as presently described, are, upon the breaking of the gun after the shells have been fired, forced inwardly to permit the com plete outward movement and operation ot' the extractor. The movement of the extractor is limited by its returning-lever, presently described, and might be limited by stop-shoulders F5 on the extractor were said returning- Alever not present, although I do not prefer to subject the spring stop-arm H to the strain thereupon which would be thus occasioned.

The ejector B is pivoted at b to the foreend piece B with its upper extremity in engagement with the rear end ot' the extractorrod F2, and its lower end adapted to bear against the socket-bearin g face a. Extending forwardly beyond the ejector is the bow or U-shaped springV b, having its base or forward extremity supported by thev shoulderb2, with one arm resting against the shoulder b3 on the fore-end piece and the other against the ejector B for rocking the same and extracting the shell. During the commencement of the dropping movement of the barrel the bearing-face a slightly rocks the ejector B until the edge of the socket-face a registers with a cut-out B2 in the ejector, and by this movement of the ejector the extractor is, as previously described, forced outward a sufficient distance to permit hand engagement of the shell and to bring the shoulders F4 into contact with the spring stop-arms H. Ilnmediately by the continued movement of the barrels the stop-arms, as presently described, are forced from engagement with the shoulders F4 of the extractor, and the tensioned springs b force the divisions of the extractor outward with sufficient force to entirely eject the shell. It will be particularly noted that should one of these springs b break or become injured or inoperative the gun will still partially eject the shell, owing to the engagement of the ejector in the fore-end piece and the bearing-face on the gun-frame, which is a feature of great advantage and practical utility.

In double-barreled guns the ejector B and spring b are composed of two like halves b4 b4 and b5 Zr" to permit the independent movement of the separate extractor-divisions F2 should only one hammer have been red.

Guided in the frame A are the rods I, having their inner extremities adapted to engage a notch or shoulder C3 on the hammer and their forward extremities provided with movable engaging faces I', which when the barrels are dropped and the barrel-lug rocked upward bear against the lateral arms h on the extractor stop-arms H and H and force the same out of engagement with the shoulders F4 to permit the operation of the extractors B.

As shown in Fig. '7, the engaging face I is composed ot' a separate piece movable in transverse guides 7l in the frame and provided with the shoulder t2, which is engaged by the inclining or cam-shaped shoulders 3 on the outer end of the sliding connectingbar I, which end is provided with a slot t4 and is held in position by a pin t5, registered with said slot.

It will readily be noted that as by the engagement and operation of the dog E and the cooking-lever G, as previously described, the hammer C is rocked backwardly into its cocked position the shoulder O3 draws the bar I backwardly, the bearing-faces 1 force the arms h inwardly, and permit the operation of the ejector-divisions b4 b4.

As shown by dotted lines at Fig. 2, the hammer C continues its movement after the operation of the extractors a sufficient distance to rock the shoulder or notch C3 from engagement with the inner end ot` the bar I, whereupon the spring-arm H returns said bar to its normal position to allow the stop-arm H to return to its locking position and prevent the operation of the extractor until the hammer is tired and again engages and operates the bar I to permit the movement of the extractor.

As the barrels are returned to their normal position the divided extractor F is also re- IOO IIO

IIS

turned by a lever J, pivoted at j to the barrel-lug, with its opposite extremity bearing against a shoulder j on the extractor formed by a recess 7'2 and bearing against a sleeve or pin js, secured to the frame A or, as illustrated, to the check-pin a. The lever .I also serves to stop the extractor in its outward movement, as previously described,and it will be noted that said lever is arranged in proximity to the hammer pivotal pin in order to take advantage of the leverage and render its action positive and certain. Moreover, as said lever is operated by a roller upon the checkpin a minimum amount of friction is generated. It is evident, however, that if desired the breech-face A2 may bear against the extractor-head F3, and thus return the extractor to position without the use of a returninglever; but this is notthe preferable construetion.

It will be understood that it the hammer has not been released to fire the cartridge the ejector merely forces the extractor outward until the engagement of the shoulder F4 with the stop spring-arm H', since no movement of the connecting-bar I takes place, and consequently the stop-shoulder H is not forced from operation. It will thus be noted that if only one of the two shells has been tired but one will be extracted.

It is frequently the case, especially in duck shooting, that the hunter does not wish to automatically extract the shells, and accordingly I provide the stop M for preventing such extraction,even though the extractor F andthe connecting-bar I are free to operate. The stop M preferably consists of a pinm, journaled in the fore-end piece and provided at its upper end with lugs orlaterally-extending arms normally between the spring b in a recess b and adapted to be swung upon the upper arm of said spring and prevent its operation. On the lower end of the stop M is a button or hand-engaging portion, which works in an open socket m2 in the lower face of the fore-end piece, and is readily engaged and turned by the hunter when desired.

At Fig. 9 I have shown a slightly-modified construction of my invention, in which, instead of being disposed parallel to each other, as in the preceding figures of the drawings, the connecting-bars I incline one toward the other, and the cam-face t3 thereon contacts directly with the shoulder t, which in this construction projects beyond the barrel-lug; but in this modification there is more or less tendency for the shoulder 72. to become bent, owing to the direction ot' the strain.

It will be understood that my invention is also particularly applicable for single-barrel guns, as no further change is required than to use a single hammer C, extractor F, ejector B', spring Z), stop H', stop M, and connectingbar I.

The operation ot' my invention will be readily perceived from the foregoing description and upon reference to the drawings, and it isy evident that thevparts of my invention are simple, strong, and durable; that the cost of the gun is not materially increased, although its efficiency, convenience, and salability are greatly increased; that owing to their position the parts are assembled with a minimum degree of fitting, and may be readily taken apart for cleaning, &c.

The illustrated construction of gun may also be considerably varied from that shown and described without departing from the spirit of my invention. Hence I do not herein limit myself to the precise form and construction of the parts.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Paten t, is-

1. The combination, with the barrel and frame of a breech-loading gun, of an extractor movablelengthwise of the barrel for ejecting the shell from the barrel, a spring for operating the extractor, a stop for preventing the movement of the extractor, the hammer of the gun, and an automatically-movable connection from said hammer to the stop for actuating the stop to permit movement of the extractor, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. The combination, with the barrels and frame of a breech-loadin g gun, of an extractor movable lengthwise of the barrel for ejecting the shell from the barrel, a spring for operating the extractor, a stop for preventing the movement of the extractor, the hammer of the gun, an automatically-movable connection from said hammer to the stop for actuating the stop to permit movement of 'the extractor, and a retractor for returning the extractor to its normal position, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. The combination, with the barrels and frame of abreech-loading gun, of an extractor consisting of two sections independently movable lengthwise of the barrels for ejecting the shells from the barrels, springs for independently operating the sections of the extractor, independent stops for preventing the movement of the extractor-sections by said springs, the hammers ot' the gun, and movable connections from said hammers to the stops for actuating the stop to permit movement of the extractor, substantially as and for the purpose described.

et. The combination, with the barrels and frame ofa breech-loading gun, of an extractor consisting of two sections having engaging shoulders, springs for independently operating the sections of the extractor, independent stops for preventing the movement of the extractor-sections by said springs, the hammers of the gun, movable con neet-ions from said hammers to the stops for controlling the action of the stops, and aretractor for engaging said shoulders on the extractor-sections and forcing the sections to their normal position, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. The combination, with the barrel and IOO IIO

frame of a breech-loading gun, of an extractor movable lengthwise of the barrel for ejecting ythe shell from the barrel, an ejector for operating the extractor, a spring for bearing against the ejector, a stop for preventing the movement of the extractor by said spring, a hammer, and a movable connection between the hammer and the stop for actuating the stop to permit movement of the extractor, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

6. The combination, with the barrel, foreend piece, and frame of a breech-loading gun, of an extractor, an ejector pivoted to the foreend piece,a spring bearing against the ejector for, rocking the same to operate the extractor, a stop for preventing the movement of the extractor, the hammer of the gun, and an automatically-movable connection from said hammer to the stop for actuating the stop to permit movement of the extractor, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. The combination, with the barrels, foreend piece, and frame of a breech-loading gun, of the extractor consisting of two sections independently movable lengthwise of the barrels for ejecting the shells from the barrels, an ejector consisting of two independently movable sections pivoted to the fore-end piece for independently operating the extractorsections, separate springs for independently operating the ejector-sections, and a movablel retractor-lever pivoted to the barrel for engaging the separate extractor-sections and returning said extractor to its normal position, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination, with the barrels and frame of a breech-loading gun, of an extractor, an ejector for operating the extractor to extract the shell, a lever pivoted to the barrel, and a stationary shoulder on the frame for rocking said lever and operating the same to return the extractor, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination,with the barrel, frame, and hammerof a concealed-hammer gun, of a movable dog secured to the barrel, a cookinglever connected to the hammer and operating to cock the hammer by the movement of the movable dog secured to the barrel, a lock for locking the point of engagement of said movable dog from operative engagement with the point of engagement of the cooking-lever when the gun is in its normal closed position, an extractor, an ejector for operating the extractor,a lock for preventing the action of the extractor, and a connection from the hammer to the lock for preventing the action of the lock and permitting the operation of the extractor, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

10. The combination,with the barrel, frame, and hammer of a concealed-hammer gun,of a movable dog secured to the barrel, a cookinglever connected to the hammer and operating to cock the hammer by the movelnent of the movable dog secured to the barrel, a lock for locking the point of engagement of said movable dog from operative engagement with the point of engagement of the cooking-lever when the gun is in its normal closed position, an extractor, an ejector for operating the extractor, a lock for preventing the action of the extractor, a connection from the hammer to the lock for preventing the action of the lock and permitting the operation of the extractor, and a movable retractor for returning the extractor to its normal position, substantially as and for the purpose specied.

11. The combination,with the barrel, frame, and hammers of a breech-loading gun, of a movable dog secured to the barrel, a cookinglever connected to the hammer and operated to cock the hammer by the movement of the movable dog secured to the barrel, an extractor adapted to engage the movable dog, an ejector adapted to operate the extractor, and a stop for preventing the movement of the extractor,

Substantially as set forth.

12. The combination, with the barrel, frame, and hammers of a breech-loading gun, of a movable dog secured to the barrel, a cockinglever connected to the hammer and operated to cock the hammer by the movement of the movable dog secured to the barrel, an extractor adapted to engage the movable dog, an ejector adapted to operate the extractor, a stop for preventing the movement of the extractor, a lever pivoted to the barrel, and a shoulder on the frame for operating said lever and returning the extractor, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

13. The combination, with the barrel, frame, and concealed hammers of a breech-loading gun, of a movable dog secured to the barrel, a cooking-lever connected to the hammer and operated to cock the hammer by thc movement of the movable dog secured to the barrel, a divided extractor-rod having aout-out for receiving the movable dog, shoulders on said rod adapted to engage the movable dog, a pair of ejectors adapted to operate the separate divisions of the extractor, and a pair of stops for normally preventing the movement ofthe extractors, substantially as specified.

14. The combination, with the barrel and frame of a breech-loading gun, of an extractor having a projecting rod, a shoulder on'the rod, a spring-actuated stop for engaging the shoulder, and a movable connection between said hammer and stop for moving the stop from engagement with the extractor-shoulder land permitting operation of the extractor, substantially as described.

15. The combination, with the barrel and frame of a breech-loadin g gun, of an extractor, a shoulder on the extractor, a spring-actuated stop for engaging the shoulder, a connection between said hammer and stop for moving the stop from engagement with the extractorshoulder, an ejector for engaging the extractor-rod, and a spring for bearing against the ejector, substantially as set forth.

16. The combination, with the barrel, foreend piece, and frame of abrcech-loading gun,

IOO

of an extractor, a shoulder on the extractor, a spring-actuated stop for engaging the shoulder on the extractor-rod, a connection between said hammer and stop for moving the stop from engagement With the extractor-shoulder, an ejector pivoted to the fore-end piece for engaging the extractor, and a spring for bearing against the ejector, substantially as described.

17. The combination, With the barrel, barrellug, frame, and hammers of a breech-loading gun, of an extractor having a divided head and a divided rod projecting from the head, a cut-out in the opposite divisions of the rod, a rod mounted in the barrel-lug, spring stoparms on the inner end of the latter rod projecting into the extractor-rod bearing and adapted to engage the shoulders formed by the cut-outs in the extractor-rod, an ejector for operating the extractor, and connections, substantially as described, between the hammers and said spring-arms, substantially as specified.

1S. The combination, with the barrel, barrellug, frame, and hammers of a breech-loading gun, of an extractor having a divided head and a divided rod projecting from the head, a cut-out in the opposite divisions of the rod, a rod mounted in the barrel-lug, spring stoparms on the inner end of thelatter rod, projecting into the extractor-rod bearing and adapted to engage the shoulders formed by the cutouts in the extractor-rod, laterally-extendin g arms projecting from the spring stop-arms, and sliding bars movable in the gun-frame with one extremity connected to the hammer and the other provided with a bearing-face for engaging said laterally-extendin g arms on the spring stop-arms, substantially as specied.

19. The combination, with the barrel, frame, and hammers of a breech-loading gun, of an extractor, a spring-actuated ejector for operating the extractor, a stop for preventing the movement of the extractor, an armor bar projecting laterally from the stop, and a bar guided in the gun-frame with one extremity provided With a bearing-face adapted to engage said laterally-extending bar and the other extremity connected to the hammer, substantially as set forth.

20. The combination, with the barrel, foreend piece, and frame of a breech-loading gun, of an extractor, an ejector pivoted to the foreend piece, a spring bearing against the ejector, and a stop for preventing the action of said spring, substantially as specified.

2l. The combination, with the barrel, frame, and hammers of a breech-loading gun, of an extractor, a spring-actuated ejector for operating the extractor, a stop for preventing the movement of the extractor, an arm or bar projecting laterally from the stop, a bar guided in the gun-frame with one extremity provided with a bearing-face adapted to engage said laterally-extending bar and the other extremity connected to the hammer, and a movable lever for engaging the extractor and returning it to its normal position, substantially as and for the purpose described.

22. The combination, With the barrels and frame of a breech-loading gun, of a divided extractor, a pair of springs for independently operating the separate divisions of the extractor, and a movable stop mounted between said springs and provided With arms for engaging the springs and preventing their action, substantially as described.

23. The combination, With the barrels and frame of abreech-loading gun, of an extractor, a spring for automatically operating the extractor, and a movable stop M for preventing the operation of the spring, substantially as speciiied.

24. The combination, with the barrels and frame of a breech-loading gun, of an extractor, a spring for automatically operating the extractor, an arm movable into the path of said spring for preventing its movement, and a rod having an end-engaging portion for effecting l the movement of said arm, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name, in the presence of two attesting witnesses, at Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga, in the State of New York, this 12th day of February, 1891.

DANIEL M. LEFEVER.

Vitnesses CLARK H. NORTON, E. H. WEIsBURG. 

